Fix Panda dataframe errors for Backtrader

How to fix panda frame for backtrader


Backtrader

BackTrader is a python framework for developing and testing algorithamic trading startegies. It is a great item in the tool kit of stock trader/Alogist.

Fix the Panda DataFrame for BT

I start expirimenting with yfinance data and it is working well with BackTrader as well as Backtesting Framework. I got the Attribute Error : str object has no attribute to_pydatettime while working on historical data from broker API, BREEZE (ICICI DIRECT)

This happends when the date column is not in panda date format. We can replace the colum with panda datatime object it using the following statement.

df['datetime']= pd.to_datetime(df['datetime'])

While I fixed the date error I got another on the datetime column, Attribute Error : int object has no attribute to_pydatettime.

While observing and compare the datafrmae with a yfinance, I found the dataframe I had in a different format, an index column of 0-n, while yfinance dataframe has the date as index column.

Using the Panda builtin functions , able to correct the index column issue and date format.

So I need to replace the numbered index column with datetime column and the problem solved.

Hope this will help someone.

Here is my final code

df =pd.DataFrame(data['Success'])
df =df[['datetime','open','high','low','close','volume']]
df['datetime']= pd.to_datetime(df['datetime']) 
df.set_index('datetime', inplace=True)

Array map to new type in TypeScript

How to array map to a different type in Typescript


In my recent Nextjs project, need to shape object array to a different type.

Mapping through the entire array in my arrow function and return the new object.

Even though the return statement work. The type is still unknown. So, I have to covert the result into array of my type.

Mapping Array Type

export type LatestInvoiceType={
  id:number;
  amount: number;
  customer:{
    name:string;
    email:string;
    image_url:string;
  }
}

New Type

 export type LatestInvoice = {

  id: string;

  name: string;

  image_url: string;

  email: string;

  amount: string;

};

Solution to the problem

Here is my solution to the problem

    const latestInvoices  = invoices.map(invoice =>  {
      return{
      id:invoice.id.toString(),
      amount:invoice.amount.toString(),
      name:invoice.customer?.name,
      email:invoice.customer?.email,
      image_url:invoice.customer?.image_url
      };
    }) as LatestInvoice[] ;

Intel M1 chip vs Apple M1 silicon chip

Comparison of Apple M1 and Intel M1


The Intel M1 vs Apple M1 Silicon debate has garnered significant attention in the tech world. Both processors have their unique strengths and have been designed to optimize performance in different ways.

Intel’s M1 chip, part of their 11th generation lineup, brings several improvements over its predecessors. It offers increased power efficiency, faster processing speeds, and improved graphics performance. The M1 chip also integrates advanced artificial intelligence capabilities, allowing for enhanced machine learning processes and improved overall system responsiveness.

On the other hand, Apple’s M1 Silicon chip has caused quite a stir with its impressive performance and power efficiency. Built specifically for Apple’s Mac devices, the M1 Silicon chip delivers lightning-fast speeds and efficient power consumption, resulting in longer battery life. Additionally, the M1 chip boasts an 8-core GPU, enabling exceptional graphics performance for tasks such as video editing and gaming.

Understanding the differences between these two processors is crucial for consumers making purchasing decisions. Both Intel and Apple have their own dedicated user bases, each with varying needs and preferences. Some users might prioritize compatibility with a wide range of software and peripherals, favoring the Intel M1 chip. Others might value the seamless integration between hardware and software offered by Apple’s M1 Silicon chip, especially for Mac-exclusive applications.

Ultimately, the choice between Intel’s M1 and Apple’s M1 Silicon depends on individual requirements and personal preferences. It’s essential to consider factors such as system compatibility, performance benchmarks, and the specific tasks you wish to accomplish on your device. By carefully evaluating these aspects, you can make an informed decision that best suits your needs.

How to add Menu to Mac App in SwiftUI

How to add Menu to Mac App using Swift Programming Language


To add a menu to a Mac app using SwiftUI, you can follow these steps:

  1. Create a new SwiftUI view for your menu. You can do this by creating a new file and selecting SwiftUI View as the template. Let’s name it MenuView.swift.
  2. In MenuView.swift, define your menu items using the Menu view and its child views. For example, you can create a menu item for File, Edit, and Help. Each menu item can have sub-menu items or actions associated with them.
  3. Within the body of MenuView.swift, use the Menu view to create your menu structure. For instance, you can use the Text view to display the title of each menu item and the Menu view to create sub-menus. You can also specify the actions to be performed when a menu item is clicked using the Button view.
  4. After defining your menu items, you can integrate the MenuView into your main app view by calling it as a part of the Menu view modifier.
  5. Finally, you can test your menu by running the app on a Mac device or simulator.

Adding a menu to a Mac app using SwiftUI provides a native and interactive way for users to access various features and functionality within your app. It allows you to organize your app’s actions in a hierarchical and intuitive manner, enhancing the overall user experience.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.

How to use Swift CoreData

Swift CoreData example


Swift CoreData example

CoreData is a powerful framework in Swift that allows developers to work with persistent data storage for their applications. Let’s walk through a simple example to demonstrate how CoreData works.

First, we need to import the CoreData module into our Swift file:

import CoreData

Next, we’ll define a CoreData model that represents the entities and properties we want to store. For instance, let’s say we want to create a simple “Task” entity with attributes like “taskName” and “taskDescription”. We can create a new .xcdatamodeld file in Xcode and design our model graphically.

Once the model is set up, we can generate Swift classes from our entities by going to Editor > Create NSManagedObject Subclass.... This will create Swift classes for each entity in our model.

In our Swift code, we’ll need to set up a NSPersistentContainer object to manage our CoreData stack. Here’s an example of setting up a persistent container and context:

lazy var persistentContainer: NSPersistentContainer = {
    let container = NSPersistentContainer(name: "YourDataModelName")
    container.loadPersistentStores { _, error in
        if let error = error {
            fatalError("Failed to load CoreData stack: \(error)")
        }
    }
    return container
}()

lazy var context: NSManagedObjectContext = {
    return persistentContainer.viewContext
}()

Now, let’s say we want to save a new task to our CoreData store. We can create a new instance of our Task entity, set its properties, and then save it to the context:

let newTask = Task(context: context)
newTask.taskName = "Read a Book"
newTask.taskDescription = "Finish reading 'To Kill a Mockingbird' by Harper Lee"
    
do {
    try context.save()
} catch {
    fatalError("Failed to save task: \(error)")
}

To fetch tasks from our CoreData store, we can use NSFetchRequest and a predicate to filter the results. Here’s an example of fetching all tasks:

let fetchRequest: NSFetchRequest<Task> = Task.fetchRequest()

do {
    let tasks = try context.fetch(fetchRequest)
    for task in tasks {
        print("Task: \(task.taskName ?? "") - \(task.taskDescription ?? "")")
    }
} catch {
    fatalError("Failed to fetch tasks: \(error)")
}

And that’s a brief overview of how to use CoreData in a Swift application. Keep in mind that this is just scratching the surface of what CoreData can do. It offers advanced features like relationships between entities, sorting, and more. But hopefully, this example helps you get started with using CoreData in your Swift projects.

Happy coding!

What are the steps to use Swift Core Data ?

Steps to use CoreData with Swift iOS/Mac Apps


Here are some steps to effectively use Swift Core Data:

  1. Import the Core Data framework: Start by importing the necessary Core Data framework into your Swift project. This can be done by adding the following line at the beginning of your code:
import CoreData
  1. Create a Core Data Model: Define your Core Data model by designing the entities and their attributes. This can be done visually using the Core Data Model Editor in Xcode. Make sure to specify the relationships and properties that your entities will have.
  2. Generate Managed Object Subclasses: In order to interact with the data in your Core Data model, you need to generate managed object subclasses. Xcode provides a convenient way to generate these subclasses for your entities. To do this, select your .xcdatamodeld file, navigate to “Editor” in the Xcode menu, and choose “Create NSManagedObject Subclass”. This will generate Swift classes that represent your entities.
  3. Set Up the Core Data Stack: Initialize the Core Data stack in your application delegate. This involves creating a persistent container, configuring the managed object context, and linking them together. The persistent container is responsible for managing the Core Data model, while the managed object context is responsible for interacting with the data.
  4. Perform Fetch Requests: Use fetch requests to retrieve data from your Core Data model. You can define various predicates and sort descriptors to filter and order the results as needed. Fetch requests are executed on the managed object context and return a collection of managed objects that match the specified criteria.
  5. Create, Update, and Delete Data: Use the managed object context to create, update, and delete data in your Core Data model. You can create new managed objects, modify their attributes, establish relationships between entities, and delete existing objects. Changes made on the managed object context are only saved to the persistent store when explicitly called.
  6. Save Changes: Remember to save any changes made to the managed object context to persist them in the persistent store. This is done by calling the save() method on the managed object context. It’s important to handle any potential errors that may occur during the save operation.
  7. Handle Concurrency: When working with Core Data, it’s important to consider concurrency when performing operations on the managed object context. You can use parent-child contexts or perform operations on background threads to improve performance and avoid blocking the main thread.

By following these steps, you will be able to effectively utilize Swift Core Data in your projects. It provides a powerful means of managing and persisting data, allowing you to create robust and scalable applications.

What is Swift CoreData ?

About Swift core data


Swift Core Data is a powerful framework provided by Apple for managing the persistence of data in iOS and macOS applications. It offers developers a seamless and efficient way to work with a local database, providing features such as data modeling, querying, and relationship management.

At its core, Core Data consists of four key components: managed object model, managed object context, persistent store coordinator, and persistent store. These components work together to facilitate the storage and retrieval of data, making it easier for developers to work with complex data structures.

One of the advantages of using Core Data in Swift is its flexibility in terms of data modeling. You can define entities, attributes, and relationships using a visual editor called Xcode’s Data Model Inspector. This allows you to create a structured data model that represents the entities and their relationships in your application.

Another notable feature of Core Data is its support for various forms of data persistence. By default, Core Data uses SQLite as the persistent store, but it also supports other stores such as XML, binary, and in-memory stores. This flexibility allows you to choose the most suitable persistent store for your application’s needs.

Working with Core Data in Swift involves interacting with managed objects that represent real-world entities in your application. These managed objects are instances of classes generated by Xcode based on your data model. You can perform CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations on these objects, allowing you to store, fetch, update, and remove data from the persistent store.

To interact with Core Data, you typically use the Managed Object Context, which acts as a scratchpad for managing the lifecycle of managed objects. It provides methods for inserting, fetching, updating, and deleting objects, as well as handling relationships between objects.

In conclusion, Swift Core Data is a powerful and versatile framework that simplifies the management of data persistence in iOS and macOS applications. Its flexible data modeling capabilities, support for various persistent stores, and intuitive API make it an excellent choice for developers looking to build applications that require efficient and scalable data storage.

How to develop Mac App using SwiftUI

How to develop a Mac App using Swift Programming Language


When it comes to Mac app development, Swift has become the go-to language for many developers. Its modern syntax and powerful features make it an excellent choice for creating robust and highly efficient applications for the Mac platform.

To get started with Mac app development using Swift, you’ll need Xcode, Apple’s integrated development environment, which provides all the necessary tools and resources. Xcode is available for free on the Mac App Store.

Once you have Xcode installed, you can create a new project and choose the “Mac App” template. This will set up the basic structure of your app and provide you with a starting point. From there, you can begin writing your Swift code to add functionality and customize the user interface.

One of the advantages of using Swift for Mac app development is the seamless integration with Apple’s frameworks and APIs. This allows you to leverage the full power of the Mac ecosystem, accessing features such as Core Data for data persistence, and Core Animation for smooth and visually appealing user interfaces.

Furthermore, Swift offers strong type safety and error handling, making your code more robust and reliable. Its performance is also impressive, as Swift is designed to be fast and efficient, ensuring a smooth experience for users.

Additionally, Apple provides extensive documentation and resources for Swift and Mac app development. The official Swift documentation, along with tutorials and sample projects, can be found on Apple’s developer website, providing you with invaluable guidance and support throughout your development journey.

In conclusion, Swift is a fantastic choice for developing Mac apps, offering a modern and expressive language that is highly compatible with the Apple ecosystem. With the right tools and resources, you’ll be well on your way to creating amazing applications for the Mac platform.

Here’s an example of code for a Swift app for macOS:

import Cocoa

class AppDelegate: NSObject, NSApplicationDelegate {

    lazy var window: NSWindow = {
        let window = NSWindow(contentRect: NSRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 400, height: 300),
                              styleMask: [.titled, .closable, .miniaturizable, .resizable],
                              backing: .buffered,
                              defer: false)
        window.center()
        window.contentView = NSHostingView(rootView: ContentView())
        return window
    }()

    func applicationDidFinishLaunching(_ aNotification: Notification) {
        window.makeKeyAndOrderFront(nil)
    }

    func applicationWillTerminate(_ aNotification: Notification) {
        // Insert code here to tear down your application
    }
}

struct ContentView: View {
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text("Hello, SwiftUI on macOS!")
                .font(.title)
                .padding()
        }
        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, maxHeight: .infinity)
    }
}

// Launch the application
let app = NSApplication.shared
let delegate = AppDelegate()
app.delegate = delegate
_ = NSApplicationMain(CommandLine.argc, CommandLine.unsafeArgv)

This is a basic Swift application for macOS that utilizes SwiftUI for the user interface. The AppDelegate class sets up a window with a specified size, style, and content view. In this example, the content view is defined by the ContentView struct, which displays a simple “Hello, SwiftUI on macOS!” text using a SwiftUI Text view. The app is launched by creating an instance of NSApplication and assigning the AppDelegate as its delegate.

What is swift data ?

What is swift data ?


Swiftdata is a powerful data processing software designed to streamline and optimize your data management needs. With its innovative features and user-friendly interface, Swiftdata empowers businesses to efficiently gather, organize, analyze, and utilize data in the most effective way possible.

Featuring cutting-edge technology, Swiftdata allows you to seamlessly integrate data from various sources, whether it’s transactional databases, spreadsheets, or even IoT devices. Its robust data integration capabilities enable you to consolidate and harmonize disparate data sets, ensuring accuracy and consistency across your organization.

Thanks to Swiftdata’s advanced data processing capabilities, you can effortlessly perform complex data transformations, calculations, and aggregations. Whether you need to generate insightful reports, create predictive models, or extract meaningful patterns from your data, Swiftdata has got you covered.

Moreover, Swiftdata offers a highly scalable and parallelized computing framework, allowing you to handle massive volumes of data without compromising performance. Its distributed architecture ensures fast processing speed and optimal resource utilization, enabling you to tackle big data challenges with ease.

With Swiftdata, data governance and security are at the forefront. You have full control over access rights, data privacy, and compliance, ensuring that sensitive information is protected and only accessible to authorized personnel.

In conclusion, Swiftdata is an all-in-one solution for data management, processing, and analysis. It empowers businesses of all sizes to unlock the true potential of their data, make data-driven decisions, and stay ahead in today’s competitive landscape. Explore the possibilities with Swiftdata and witness the transformation of your data into actionable insights.